How to: UNIX List just directories or directory names

Display or list all directories

Type the following command:
$ ls -l | grep `^d'

You have current dir containing set of directories which contain files.
One file can reside in many directories.
Write script which returns number of unique file names in
all the subdirectories of a current dir.

ls -R | grep -v "^d" | sort -u

Display or list only files

Type the following command:
$ ls -l | grep -v `^d'

FEW LINUX COMMANDS RELATED TO PROCESS

For this purpose	Use this Command	Examples*
To see currently running process	ps	$ ps
To stop any process by PID i.e. to kill process	kill    {PID}	$ kill  1012
To stop processes by name i.e. to kill process	killall   {Process-name}	$ killall httpd
To get information about all running process	ps -ag	$ ps -ag
To stop all process except your shell	kill 0	$ kill 0
For background processing (With &, use to put particular command and program in background)	linux-command  &	$ ls / -R | wc -l &
To display the owner of the processes along with the processes	ps aux	$ ps aux
To see if a particular process is running or not. For this purpose you have to use ps command in combination with the grep command	ps ax | grep  process-U-want-to see	For e.g. you want to see whether Apache web server process is running or not then give command$ ps ax | grep httpd
To see currently running processes and other information like memory and CPU usage with real time updates.	top See the output of top command.	$ top Note that to exit from top command press q.
To display a tree of processes	pstree	$ pstree

* To run some of this command you need to be root or equivalnt user.

MAKEFILES

Compiling your source code files can be tedious, specially when you want to include several source files and have to type the compiling command everytime you want to do it.
Well, I have news for you... Your days of command line compiling are (mostly) over, because YOU will learn how to write Makefiles.
Makefiles are special format files that together with the make utility will help you to automagically build and manage your projects.


Read this article on the below link->
http://mrbook.org/tutorials/make/